The unconscious knowledge of the subject and the desire of the analyst in the drug clinic

The clinical care to drug patients requires that unconscious dimensions of the subject who drugs and the accompanying analyst be observed, considering that these dimensions precede and imply the patient’s condition of dependence. Thus, this work aims to clarify psychoanalytic perspectives that guide the approach of the toxicomanphenomenon in the setting of care. Concepts such as “unconscious” and “analyst desire” were taken in order to elucidate how the analytical situation constitutes an individualizing treatment and is opposed to the classical psychiatry method. Therefore, it is emphasized the existence of a particular knowledge in each patient about his drug addiction, which was not predicted by medical nosology. Therefore, the psychiatric technique is considered insufficient and an approach is explored that seeks to better interpret drug addiction, having as a tool to base the analyst’s desire. In addition to the central concepts brought by the title, the work also goes through the notions of “language”, “malaise in culture”, “I”, “monomania”, “castration” and “drive maturation”. The research started from the bibliographical investigation method, referring to the theme “Drug addiction” in the scope of Psychoanalysis and classical psychiatry. The literature of consecrated authors who cross-trust such knowledge, such as Freud, Lacan and Bercherie, was used.


INTRODUCTION
Drug addiction is a phenomenon that needs to be studied beyond drug practice. In view of this, psychoanalysis presupposes an ethics and operates from an unconscious knowledge that produces jouissance. The discovery of this knowledge stems from the experience of an analysis process. Thus, by admitting the desire that holds the last and particular truth of the subject, the method postulated by Sigmund Freud is opposed to the way classical psychiatry from Pinel dealt with this phenomenon until the beginning of the century. XX.
The present research is guided by psychoanalytic theory, that is, it considers the discovery of unconscious knowledge that affects the speaking being in an individual way, which makes the life history of each subject a specific way of inhabiting language, in line with its libidinal economy. This language, in turn, makes us inhabit the malaise of culture and confronts us with objects offered by the capitalist's discourse to buffer the irreparable lack that marks human existence. In this sense, the analyst's desire challenges the discourse of science that has been included the subject of speech, language, subjectivity. Based on this premise, the research aims to answer the following question: what is veiled by drug addiction, and how does the analyst's desire in the drug clinic work? Therefore, the objective of this work is to point out how the analyst's desire constitutes a clinical tool and how it approaches intoxication, from the unconscious and the drive.
The importance of this research is to take the phenomenon in its double social and subjective value, expanding the reductionist view and the phenomenal approach to the theme. To fulfill the objective, the method used in our study was the bibliographic research of renowned authors such as Freud, Lacan and Bercherie, who address drug addiction in the context of Psychoanalysis and Classical Psychiatry. The research was essentially symbolic and particular, so that here, it has exclusive possession of meaning in the toxicomaniac phenomenon. Thus, this bibliographical investigation reaffirms a method that opposes the nosological model of psychiatry, by subjectivation the phenomenon in question.
It was noticed that language has primacy in the functioning of the subject and denounces intoxication as a secondary process. From there it is understood that the practice of the drug veils the true symptom with the personal interpretations of the patient since the beginning of its constitution. It is inferred, then, that the imperative of treatment is the attribution of a symbolism to the manifestations of the subject (LACAN, 1955), and we achieve that, the symbolism present in the toxicomanrepetition says of a disillusionment of the patient in relation to the other (FREUD, 1927). Having said that, the condition of subjection of the patient is first clarified, and then considers drug practice as a puzzle.
Finally, it was observed the substantial role of the analyst's desire in the management of this phenomenon. This is because this desire desists out, because it offers itself as a place (QUINET, 2000) to install the patient's matured desire. It is in this direction that the analyst's desire points out: instead of the monotonous repetition and the shortcircuit drive promoted by intoxication, lead the subject to a mature desire, which recognizes and invests in himself. These are the questions that are presented to us: an intoxication of language where the signifier fails and does not allow the body to be metaphorized by unconscious knowledge.

IN PLACE OF EPISTEMOLOGICAL SIGN
From a discussion about the possible origin of religiosity in "The Malaise in Civilization", Freud (1930) specifies some unconscious mechanisms that the human being engenders to deal with the anguish of inhabiting a world with which he discovers he has no relationship of unity, and which constitutes a hindrance in his search for happiness. Among these mechanisms participates intoxication, as an attempt to recover a satisfaction lived at the beginning of life, and that not being able to be recovered, leads to repetition.
Thus, we recognize that the current self of the subject is what unfolded from his infant version (FREUD, 1930) after a disappointment. However, the self covers an unconscious layer, which instead of appearing the subject as one, says of its impulses more passively put to the test of dissection, as they guard desire. The toxicomaniac phenomenon is then taken in relation to these impulses. Therefore, it is ineffective to observe and classify drug practice objectively as classical psychiatry proposes. This method would lead the analyst to indulge in the analyzing when it brings the drug as an identity mark. Thus, as the analyst does not respond from the place expected by the patient -that is, the place of teaching -making his act as unknown as what hides under the subject's self, there is an analytical doctrine that houses an indispensable gap, which is opposed to the knowledge of psychiatry, which already exists exhausted before the experience with the patient.
To found an alternative path, it is understood that the patient must first trust in the belief that the professional knows about what he brings as disorder. However, it is only when the analyst makes use of such an assumption to cause the subject to recognize the cause in himself, that one finds the undoubted success of a procedure.
It is understood here that intoxication is not the symptom, but it veils symbolic mechanisms that already have word value and carry their own meaning (LACAN, https://www.nucleodoconhecimento.com.br RC: 49846 Disponível em: https://www.nucleodoconhecimento.com.br/psychology/know-unconscious engine, not of cure, but of questioning about a repetition with precedents in the repeater itself. It is as in all experience of analysis, a clinic of discovery, but not of knowing a priori or desire to heal, in which the patient builds his own paths (LACAN, 1960)  Thus, we take the relevance of the toxicomaniac phenomenon in which its study contributes socially and to the clinic one by one, without giving itself to generalizations, even in the face of the recurrence of the phenomenon. The analyst's desire works in order to shed light on an unconscious and particular knowledge. In this sense, to the extent that the self is an instance of ignorance in the subject because it is referring to the Other, a more intimate sphere is aimed at reaching its truth. For this, the following path is taken: speech as access to the unconscious truth of the subject in the face of intoxication. Thus, it is admitted not to know a priori about what the subject's speech is about (LACAN, 1956), but it is taken as a route for access to beyond the toxicomaniac phenomenon.